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グローバル人材育成の道｜海野惠一（元アクセンチュア代表）2016年10月25日
今までのアメリカの忠実な同盟国だったフィリピンは中国陣営に移ってしまうのか？(2) ワロン地域は断固としてカナダとのEU貿易協定に反対している。
Rodrigo Duterteの性急な政策変更
今までのアメリカの忠実な同盟国だったフィリピンは中国陣営に移ってしまうのか？(2)
Yet it is not only Americans who lament the impetuousness of Mr Duterte’s tilt to China: many Filipinos, including senior officials, are worried sick. Jay Batongbacal of the University of the Philippines fears Mr Duterte "is squandering all the practical leverage that comes from being in alliance with the United States"—without knowing what assurances, in terms of sovereignty in the contested South China Sea, the Philippines will get in return.
lament：失望する
impetuousness：性急・衝動的・せっかち
tilt：傾き
worried sick：ひどく心配している
squandering：無駄にする
leverage：影響力
assurances：確証
sovereignty：主権
Bide your time
Bide your time：好機の到来を待つ
It is a reckless approach, but not necessarily a lasting one. For the time being, China wishes to draw the Philippines into its camp. That is why it has not yet attempted to build the kind of military facilities on Scarborough Shoal that it has constructed on other reefs in the South China Sea and that many Western analysts had assumed were imminent.
reckless：無謀な
lasting：永続的な
For the time being：さし当たって
imminent：今にも起こりそうな
But China will have to offer more than fishing rights to make any deal acceptable to Filipinos. Even the China-loving Mr Duterte has talked about leaping onto a jet ski to defend the Philippines’ interests in person if need be. So the Chinese idea of a "package deal" in which Chinese sovereignty over the Scarborough Shoal is acknowledged in return for fishing rights which Filipinos had anyway long enjoyed will be greeted as an insult back in the Philippines.
leaping：飛びつく
in person：本人が直接に
if need be：必要とあれば
in return for：に対する見返りとして
greeted：反応する
insult：侮辱
America, in short, can be patient. The Philippines may yet return to its camp. If so, both sides will claim it never left.
in short：手短いに言うと
Duterteの中国への傾倒がどこまで続くのかはわらないが、漁業権だけでフィリピンはScarborough Shoalの主権を手放すとは思えない。そのうち、中国と決裂するかもしれないので、アメリカは気長にそれを待つといった記事だ。まあ、そうかもしれない。韓国と同様に、中華帝国の歴史を見れば、彼らが領土を手放すとは思えない。そうなると、どこかで、もっと激しい亀裂が生じるのだろう。日本もそこの部分をよく読んで、今回の来日に対応するべきだろう。
Wallonia is adamantly blocking the EU’s trade deal with Canada
A tiny region of Belgium opposes trade for reasons that are hard to understand
Oct 22nd 2016 | From the print edition
Wallonia：ワロン（地域）、ワロニア◆連邦国家ベルギーを構成する地域の一つ。同国の南側約半分に当たり、5州から成る。大部分がフランス語圏、一部がドイツ語圏。
adamantly：断固として
ワロン地域は断固としてカナダとのEU貿易協定に反対している。
Bravely resisting the Canadian menace
“HEY Canada, fuck you.” Within hours this tweet (the result of a hack) from the Belgian foreign minister’s account was replaced with a friendlier message: “keep calm and love Canada”. Yet his country’s actions are closer to the original. On October 14th the regional parliament of Wallonia voted to block the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), a trade deal between the European Union and Canada.
menace：脅威
CETA：２０１３年１０月、カナダとＥＵの間の包括的経済貿易協定（Canada-EU Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement: ＣＥＴＡ）の基本合意が発表された。これは、貿易自由化だけでなく投資や知的所有権などを含む非常に広範に亘る協定で、日本が交渉中の環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）ともよく似ている。カナダの国際戦略から見れば、ＣＥＴＡはカナダのアメリカへの過度の依存からの脱却を目指すものであり、米国・ＥＵ間での経済協定よりも先に結ぶべきものであり、大陸の反対側でのＴＰＰと対をなす協定でもある。
Twentieth-century trade deals slashed tariffs. Newer ones between rich countries, such as CETA, focus on cutting other barriers to trade. After seven years of haggling, European negotiators dream of European toys and electrical products being sold straight to Canadians, without having to go through a second round of health and safety checks.
haggling：押し問答する
Coordinating standards with another country inevitably means surrendering a little sovereignty. This riles many Europeans, who worry that CETA will dilute environmental standards and labour laws; they suspect that new courts established by the treaty to settle investor disputes with governments will favour corporations over regulators.
Coordinating：適合させる
investor ：Investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS 投資家と国家間の紛争処理) or investment court system (ICS) is a system through which individual companies can sue countries for alleged discriminatory practices.
But plans for such courts have already been reformed, notes Marietje Schaake, a liberal Dutch MEP. The latest proposals make them more independent and transparent. On October 18th Cecilia Malmstrom, the EU’s trade commissioner, wearily offered to add a “plain language” declaration to clarify the deal.
MEP：a Member of the European Parliament.
independent：中立的な立場で
trade commissioner：貿易官
wearily：うんざりして
plain language：普通に話す言葉
CETA has other more traditional detractors who hate the fact that it also hacks away at 99% of customs duties between Canada and the EU. Wallonia boasts one cow for every three humans and its lavishly subsidised farmers are wary of cheap Canadian competition. Erwin Schopges, a Walloon dairy farmer who joined the protests outside parliament, says he already faces milk prices below his production costs. “We want to trade with Canada, but we would rather not abolish tariffs,” he says.
detractors：批判的な人々
hacks：切りつける・取り除く
lavishly ：贅沢な
wary：警戒して
In any trade deal there are winners and losers: the former, more numerous; the latter, more passionate. The Belgian government may buy off its farmers, but even so more hurdles await. CETA must be ratified by 38 regional and national EU parliaments before it can be implemented fully. Mr Schopges says the protest in Wallonia was less lively than the one he attended in Hamburg a few weeks earlier; opposition in Germany and France could just as easily derail proceedings.
numerous：多数からなる
passionate：怒りやすい＿熱狂的に
buy off ：金で片付ける
lively：活発な
proceedings：手続き
just as easily：しやすい
CETA would make Europe €5.8 billion a year richer, by one estimate. But the real danger of letting Wallonia derail it is the precedent it would set. With so many potential vetoes, says Chad Bown of the Peterson Institute for International Economics, it is hard to imagine the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (a much bigger deal between America and the EU) being passed. And as for Britain’s prospects after Brexit, Ms Malmstrom says: “if we can’t make (a deal) with Canada, I’m not sure we can make (one) with the UK.”
precedent：先例
vetoes：拒否
水曜日。今日はこれまで。今、EUがカナダとだけの貿易協定であるCETAの提携でもめている。ましてや、アメリカを巻き込んだTTIPはもっと面倒だ。このCETAでもめていたら、今度はBrexitの対応は一体どうなるのだろうかといった記事だ。３８箇所からの代表がいるEU議会の承認はさも大変だろう。想像に難くない。このカナダとEUの自由貿易協定は破談になってしまったようです。
昨日は一日、研修資料の作成、提案書の作成、本も２時間書けた。だんだん愚妻は回復している。いいことだ。今日は海野塾がある。ではまた明日。
今までのアメリカの忠実な同盟国だったフィリピンは中国陣営に移ってしまうのか？(2)
Yet it is not only Americans who lament the impetuousness of Mr Duterte’s tilt to China: many Filipinos, including senior officials, are worried sick. Jay Batongbacal of the University of the Philippines fears Mr Duterte "is squandering all the practical leverage that comes from being in alliance with the United States"—without knowing what assurances, in terms of sovereignty in the contested South China Sea, the Philippines will get in return.
lament：失望する
impetuousness：性急・衝動的・せっかち
tilt：傾き
worried sick：ひどく心配している
squandering：無駄にする
leverage：影響力
assurances：確証
sovereignty：主権
Bide your time
Bide your time：好機の到来を待つ
It is a reckless approach, but not necessarily a lasting one. For the time being, China wishes to draw the Philippines into its camp. That is why it has not yet attempted to build the kind of military facilities on Scarborough Shoal that it has constructed on other reefs in the South China Sea and that many Western analysts had assumed were imminent.
reckless：無謀な
lasting：永続的な
For the time being：さし当たって
imminent：今にも起こりそうな
But China will have to offer more than fishing rights to make any deal acceptable to Filipinos. Even the China-loving Mr Duterte has talked about leaping onto a jet ski to defend the Philippines’ interests in person if need be. So the Chinese idea of a "package deal" in which Chinese sovereignty over the Scarborough Shoal is acknowledged in return for fishing rights which Filipinos had anyway long enjoyed will be greeted as an insult back in the Philippines.
leaping：飛びつく
in person：本人が直接に
if need be：必要とあれば
in return for：に対する見返りとして
greeted：反応する
insult：侮辱
America, in short, can be patient. The Philippines may yet return to its camp. If so, both sides will claim it never left.
in short：手短いに言うと
Duterteの中国への傾倒がどこまで続くのかはわらないが、漁業権だけでフィリピンはScarborough Shoalの主権を手放すとは思えない。そのうち、中国と決裂するかもしれないので、アメリカは気長にそれを待つといった記事だ。まあ、そうかもしれない。韓国と同様に、中華帝国の歴史を見れば、彼らが領土を手放すとは思えない。そうなると、どこかで、もっと激しい亀裂が生じるのだろう。日本もそこの部分をよく読んで、今回の来日に対応するべきだろう。
Wallonia is adamantly blocking the EU’s trade deal with Canada
A tiny region of Belgium opposes trade for reasons that are hard to understand
Oct 22nd 2016 | From the print edition
Wallonia：ワロン（地域）、ワロニア◆連邦国家ベルギーを構成する地域の一つ。同国の南側約半分に当たり、5州から成る。大部分がフランス語圏、一部がドイツ語圏。
adamantly：断固として
ワロン地域は断固としてカナダとのEU貿易協定に反対している。
Bravely resisting the Canadian menace
“HEY Canada, fuck you.” Within hours this tweet (the result of a hack) from the Belgian foreign minister’s account was replaced with a friendlier message: “keep calm and love Canada”. Yet his country’s actions are closer to the original. On October 14th the regional parliament of Wallonia voted to block the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), a trade deal between the European Union and Canada.
menace：脅威
CETA：２０１３年１０月、カナダとＥＵの間の包括的経済貿易協定（Canada-EU Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement: ＣＥＴＡ）の基本合意が発表された。これは、貿易自由化だけでなく投資や知的所有権などを含む非常に広範に亘る協定で、日本が交渉中の環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）ともよく似ている。カナダの国際戦略から見れば、ＣＥＴＡはカナダのアメリカへの過度の依存からの脱却を目指すものであり、米国・ＥＵ間での経済協定よりも先に結ぶべきものであり、大陸の反対側でのＴＰＰと対をなす協定でもある。
Twentieth-century trade deals slashed tariffs. Newer ones between rich countries, such as CETA, focus on cutting other barriers to trade. After seven years of haggling, European negotiators dream of European toys and electrical products being sold straight to Canadians, without having to go through a second round of health and safety checks.
haggling：押し問答する
Coordinating standards with another country inevitably means surrendering a little sovereignty. This riles many Europeans, who worry that CETA will dilute environmental standards and labour laws; they suspect that new courts established by the treaty to settle investor disputes with governments will favour corporations over regulators.
Coordinating：適合させる
investor ：Investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS 投資家と国家間の紛争処理) or investment court system (ICS) is a system through which individual companies can sue countries for alleged discriminatory practices.
But plans for such courts have already been reformed, notes Marietje Schaake, a liberal Dutch MEP. The latest proposals make them more independent and transparent. On October 18th Cecilia Malmstrom, the EU’s trade commissioner, wearily offered to add a “plain language” declaration to clarify the deal.
MEP：a Member of the European Parliament.
independent：中立的な立場で
trade commissioner：貿易官
wearily：うんざりして
plain language：普通に話す言葉
CETA has other more traditional detractors who hate the fact that it also hacks away at 99% of customs duties between Canada and the EU. Wallonia boasts one cow for every three humans and its lavishly subsidised farmers are wary of cheap Canadian competition. Erwin Schopges, a Walloon dairy farmer who joined the protests outside parliament, says he already faces milk prices below his production costs. “We want to trade with Canada, but we would rather not abolish tariffs,” he says.
detractors：批判的な人々
hacks：切りつける・取り除く
lavishly ：贅沢な
wary：警戒して
In any trade deal there are winners and losers: the former, more numerous; the latter, more passionate. The Belgian government may buy off its farmers, but even so more hurdles await. CETA must be ratified by 38 regional and national EU parliaments before it can be implemented fully. Mr Schopges says the protest in Wallonia was less lively than the one he attended in Hamburg a few weeks earlier; opposition in Germany and France could just as easily derail proceedings.
numerous：多数からなる
passionate：怒りやすい＿熱狂的に
buy off ：金で片付ける
lively：活発な
proceedings：手続き
just as easily：しやすい
CETA would make Europe €5.8 billion a year richer, by one estimate. But the real danger of letting Wallonia derail it is the precedent it would set. With so many potential vetoes, says Chad Bown of the Peterson Institute for International Economics, it is hard to imagine the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (a much bigger deal between America and the EU) being passed. And as for Britain’s prospects after Brexit, Ms Malmstrom says: “if we can’t make (a deal) with Canada, I’m not sure we can make (one) with the UK.”
precedent：先例
vetoes：拒否
水曜日。今日はこれまで。今、EUがカナダとだけの貿易協定であるCETAの提携でもめている。ましてや、アメリカを巻き込んだTTIPはもっと面倒だ。このCETAでもめていたら、今度はBrexitの対応は一体どうなるのだろうかといった記事だ。３８箇所からの代表がいるEU議会の承認はさも大変だろう。想像に難くない。このカナダとEUの自由貿易協定は破談になってしまったようです。
昨日は一日、研修資料の作成、提案書の作成、本も２時間書けた。だんだん愚妻は回復している。いいことだ。今日は海野塾がある。ではまた明日。
