2017年11月10日

フィリピン軍はイスラム過激派に占領されていた都市を奪回した。 しかし、その戦いは5ヶ月も要した。

The Philippine army recaptures a city seized by Muslim insurgents
But the battle dragged on for five months
Oct 21st 2017 | MANILA

フィリピン軍はイスラム過激派に占領されていた都市を奪回した。
しかし、その戦いは5ヶ月も要した。



THE city of Marawi, President Rodrigo Duterte declared on October 17th, has been liberated from the jihadists who had seized control of it. Mr Duterte was speaking in Marawi a day after Philippine forces had killed Isnilon Hapilon, a leader of Abu Sayyaf, a local militant group, who had declared allegiance to Islamic State (IS). That, in effect, puts an end to the attempt by IS to establish a South-East Asian outpost of its collapsing caliphate. But it took five months of fighting for the army to regain control of the city. And there is a risk that disaffected Filipino Muslims will redirect their aggression into terrorism and extortion, which have racked the southern island of Mindanao, in particular, for decades. 

allegiance:忠誠
disaffected:【組織政府などに】不満[不平]のある, 忠誠心を失った, 反逆心のある
redirect:【別の場所に】〈活力資財など〉を向け直す,
aggression:攻撃
extortion:強奪
racked:〈小作人など〉を搾取する

The day after Mr Hapilon’s death, the government said the battle for Marawi had killed 847 IS fighters, 163 soldiers or policemen and 47 civilians. It has emptied the city and surrounding areas, displacing nearly 1.1m people. The fighting has left few buildings in the city centre undamaged and many destroyed. And the lawlessness it suggested has alarmed allies and neighbours. 

IS made a determined effort to take Marawi, the biggest city with a Muslim majority in the Philippines, which is largely Catholic. Fighters belonging to Mr Hapilon’s branch of Abu Sayyaf and to another band of Muslim militants, called the Maute group, showed themselves in the city in May. The Filipino fighters were reinforced by armed foreigners and financed by IS. 

The attackers infiltrated Marawi in strength and stealthily stockpiled munitions before a single shot was fired. But the security forces detected the presence of Mr Hapilon and tried to arrest him, flushing his fighters from cover. The jihadists quickly fell back to the city centre, allowing most of the population of 200,000 to flee. Mr Hapilon may have assumed that Mr Duterte’s frequent vituperation of America would mean that American forces would not support their Filipino allies. If so, he was wrong. 

vituperation:罵倒

Mr Duterte imposed martial law on Mindanao and poured troops into Marawi. His soldiers fought slowly from house to house, impeded by snipers and booby traps. The air force bombed buildings thought to harbour jihadists, causing much destruction. American forces provided discreet surveillance. 

impeded:邪魔される
booby trap:仕掛け地雷、仕掛け爆弾
follow at a discreet distance:慎重に距離をあけて尾行する

The government and Mindanao’s main armed Muslim movement, the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, have struck a peace agreement entailing greater autonomy for some Muslim-majority areas. The deal is meant to end the decades-old Muslim rebellion in Mindanao and reduce the attraction of jihad. The ranks of insurgents opposed to this agreement have been thinned by the fighting in Marawi. Yet many Muslims, embittered by conflict and poverty, remain hostile to the Philippine authorities. It may be hard to recruit them for another futile attempt to capture and hold territory—but the more rewarding and safer pursuits of kidnapping, extortion and bombing may not have lost their appeal. 

entailing:を伴う
embittered:つらい思いをしている, 苦しんでいる
futile:make a futile attempt [effort] むだな企て[努力]をする.
appeal:要求 lose one's appeal 魅力を失う

ドゥテルテはミンダナオの過激派を5ヶ月掛けて撃退した。モロ・イスラム解放戦線と和解することになった。これで、フィリピンはISILの影響をやっと断ち切ることが出来た。それでもイスラム教徒は不満を持っているが、自治権を与えたので、何十年にも渡る過激派の行動は沈静化されることになる。

土曜日。今日は運野塾がある。午前はシンガポールの民主主義で、午後は日本のグローバリゼーションだ。ではまた明日。

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海野 恵一
1948年1月14日生

学歴:東京大学経済学部卒業

スウィングバイ株式会社
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アクセンチュア株式会社代表取締役(2001-2002)
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