2017年11月21日

アメリカのグローバルへの影響は衰えてきている。 アジアの大統領の歴訪はアメリカが内向きになっている事実を隠すことは出来ないし、アメリカだけでなく世界に損害を与えている。

America’s global influence has dwindled under Donald Trump
A presidential tour of Asia cannot hide the fact that America has turned inward, hurting itself and the world
Nov 9th 2017

アメリカのグローバルへの影響はドナルド・トランプのせいで衰えてきている。
アジアの大統領の歴訪はアメリカが内向きになっている事実を隠すことは出来ないし、アメリカだけでなく世界に損害を与えている。



A YEAR ago this week Donald Trump was elected president. Many people predicted that American foreign policy would take a disastrous turn. Mr Trump had suggested that he would scrap trade deals, ditch allies, put a figurative bomb under the rules-based global order and drop literal ones willy-nilly. NATO was “obsolete”, he said; NAFTA was “the worst trade deal maybe ever”; and America was far too nice to foreigners. “In the old days when you won a war, you won a war. You kept the country,” he opined, adding later that he would “bomb the shit out of” Islamic State (IS) and “take the oil”. 

figurative:比喩的な
willy-nilly:手当たり次第.
opined:だと意見[見解]を述べる,

So far, Mr Trump’s foreign policy has been less awful than he promised. Granted, he has pulled America out of the Paris accord, making it harder to curb climate change, and abandoned the Trans-Pacific Partnership, a big trade deal. However, he has not retreated pell-mell into isolationism. He has not quit NATO; indeed, some of America’s eastern European allies prefer his tough-talk to the cool detachment of Barack Obama. He has not started any wars. 

look awful:具合が悪そうだ; 見た目がひどい
Granted:Granted (that) it is true, I still cannot support it. それが正しいとしても, 支持することはできない
pell-mell:あわてて[た]; 自制できずに[ない]; めちゃくちゃに[な].
detachment:冷静(さ), 超然, 公平無私; ≪…に対する≫ 無関心, 無感覚

He has stepped up America’s defence of Afghanistan’s beleaguered government, and helped Iraq recapture cities from IS. In the parts of the world to which he pays little attention, such as Africa, an understaffed version of the previous administration’s policy continues on autopilot. As Mr Trump makes a 12-day visit to Asia, it is hard to dismiss him as a man wholly disengaged from the world. 

beleaguered:困難[非難, 反対]に遭っている
on automatic pilot:〈動作などが〉(慣れなどのため)自動的に動いて, 惰性で.
dismiss:を退ける
disengaged:切り離して

Many people find reassurance in the sober, capable military men who surround him (see article). His chief of staff, his defence secretary and his national security adviser all understand the horrors of war and will stop him from doing anything rash, the argument goes. Optimists even speculate that he might emulate Ronald Reagan, by shaking up the diplomatic establishment, restoring America’s military muscle and projecting such strength abroad that a frightened, overstretched North Korea will crumble like the Soviet Union. Others confidently predict that even if he causes short-term damage to America’s standing in the world, Mr Trump will be voted out in 2020 and things will return to normal.

eassurance:安心; 安心させる言葉, 励まし
sober:真面目な
emulate :見習う
frightened:おびえた
crumble:ぼろぼろに崩れる, 粉々になる

Reagan, he ain’t
All this is wishful thinking. On security, Mr Trump has avoided some terrible mistakes. He has not started a needless row with China over Taiwan’s ambiguous status, as he once threatened to do. Congress and the election-hacking scandal prevented him from pursuing a grand bargain with Vladimir Putin that might have left Russia’s neighbours at the Kremlin’s mercy. And he has apparently coaxed China to exert a little more pressure on North Korea to stop expanding its nuclear arsenal. 

row:口論、口げんか、騒ぎ、騒動
ambiguous:an ambiguous position 不明確な立場.
grand bargain:重要な取引
at As mércy:Aのなすがままに(なって), Aの言いなりに(なって), Aに左右されて
coaxed :を(穏やかに)説得する
exert:They exerted strong pressure on me to cancel the contract. 彼らは私にその契約を破棄するよう圧力をかけた

However, he has made some serious errors, too, such as undermining the deal with Iran that curbs its ability to make nuclear bombs. And his instincts are atrocious. He imagines he has nothing to learn from history. He warms to strongmen, such as Mr Putin and Xi Jinping. His love of generals is matched by a disdain for diplomats—he has gutted the State Department, losing busloads of experienced ambassadors.

atrocious:ひどい
warms:I warmed to Ben from the beginning . 最初から僕はベンに好印象をもった.
disdain:軽蔑
gutted:の根幹を崩す, …を骨抜きにする.
busloads:バスいっぱいのA

His tweeting is no joke: he undermines and contradicts his officials without warning, and makes reckless threats against Kim Jong Un, whose paranoia needs no stoking. Furthermore, Mr Trump has yet to be tested by a crisis. Level-headed generals may advise him, but he is the commander-in-chief, with a temperament that alarms friend and foe alike. 

undermines:自信・権威・人など〉をひそかに傷つける
contradicts:(間違っているとして)〈人・発言・主張など〉を否定[否認]する
stoking:〈欲望・怒りなど〉をかき立てる, あおる, …に火をつける(up).
Level-headed:分別のある、頭[考え方]のしっかりした、冷静な
temperament:気性

On trade, he remains wedded to a zero-sum view of the world, in which exporters “win” and importers “lose”. (Are the buyers of Ivanka Trump-branded clothes and handbags, which are made in Asia, losers?) Mr Trump has made clear that he favours bilateral deals over multilateral ones, because that way a big country like America can bully small ones into making concessions. The trouble with this approach is twofold. 

wedded:固執している.
bully:いじめる
concessions:譲歩

First, it is deeply unappealing to small countries, which by the way also have protectionist lobbies to overcome. Second, it would reproduce the insanely complicated mishmash of rules that the multilateral trade system was created to simplify and trim. The Trump team probably will not make a big push to disrupt global trade until tax reform has passed through Congress. But when and if that happens, all bets are off—NAFTA is still in grave peril.

insanely:狂って; 異常に; 無茶に.
mishmash:ごたまぜ, 寄せ集め; 有象無象(の輩).
all bets are off:賭が中止になる 全てが白紙に戻る、全てが帳消しになる

Ideas matter
Perhaps the greatest damage that Mr Trump has done is to American soft power. He openly scorns the notion that America should stand up for universal values such as democracy and human rights. Not only does he admire dictators; he explicitly praises thuggishness, such as the mass murder of criminal suspects in the Philippines. He does so not out of diplomatic tact, but apparently out of conviction. This is new. Previous American presidents supported despots for reasons of cold-war realpolitik. (“He’s a bastard, but he’s our bastard,” as Harry Truman is reputed to have said of an anti-communist tyrant in Nicaragua.) Mr Trump’s attitude seems more like: “He’s a bastard. Great!” 

scorns:Ann scorned the proposal. アンはその申し入れを受け入れることを拒んだ.
thuggishness:悪党
tact:(人の感情を害さない)機転, 気配り, そつのなさ
conviction:(確固たる)信念, 確信(belief) 
realpolitik:現実政策.
bastard:いやなやつ, ひどいやつ
reputed:She's reputed to be the best doctor. 彼女は最高の医師だとの評判だ.

This repels America’s liberal allies, in Europe, East Asia and beyond. It emboldens autocrats to behave worse, as in Saudi Arabia this week, where the crown prince’s dramatic political purges met with Mr Trump’s blessing (see article). It makes it easier for China to declare American-style democracy passe, and more tempting for other countries to copy China’s autocratic model (see article). 

repels:に不快な[いやな]感じを抱かせる
emboldens:を勇気[元気]づける
passe:色あせた、古めかしい、流行[時代]遅れの

The idea that things will return to normal after a single Trump term is too sanguine. The world is moving on. Asians are building new trade ties, often centred on China. Europeans are working out how to defend themselves if they cannot rely on Uncle Sam. And American politics are turning inward: both Republicans and Democrats are more protectionist now than they were before Mr Trump’s electoral triumph. 

sanguine:Max remains sanguine about the prospects of his company. マックスは会社の将来について相変わらず楽観的だ.

For all its flaws, America has long been the greatest force for good in the world, upholding the liberal order and offering an example of how democracy works. All that is imperilled by a president who believes that strong nations look out only for themselves. By putting “America First”, he makes it weaker, and the world worse off. 

flaws:欠陥

トランプが今の世界の舞台で動けば動くほど、世界もアメリカに対しても損失が大きい。彼が一期だけだという期待も、この世界がいま大きく動いているので間に合わない。アメリカファーストなんて言っていると、世界はますます悪くなってしまう。早く彼を降ろさないとまずいことになる。

水曜日。今日は海野塾がある。ではまた明日。

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海野 恵一
1948年1月14日生

学歴:東京大学経済学部卒業

スウィングバイ株式会社
代表取締役社長

アクセンチュア株式会社代表取締役(2001-2002)
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